Uterine Cancer
Endometrial cancer is the most common uterine cancer. Bleeding after menopause or unusual bleeding should be investigated promptly.
Common signs and symptoms
Having one or more of these symptoms does not mean you have cancer. New, unexplained or persistent changes should be assessed.
- bleeding after menopause
- bleeding between periods
- periods that become unusually heavy or prolonged
- watery or blood stained discharge
- pelvic pain or pressure
Risk factors
A risk factor changes probability; it does not predict who will or will not develop cancer.
- increasing age
- excess body weight
- long exposure to oestrogen without progesterone
- diabetes
- Lynch syndrome or family history
- tamoxifen slightly increases endometrial cancer risk
Screening and early detection
There is no routine screening test for average risk people. People with Lynch syndrome need specialist risk management.
How it is investigated and diagnosed
Evaluation may include pelvic examination, transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial biopsy or hysteroscopy and imaging after diagnosis.
A biopsy or specialist test is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis and exact cancer type. Your healthcare team will explain which tests are appropriate.
Common treatment approaches
Treatment is individual and depends on the cancer subtype, stage, test results, general health and the patient’s priorities.
- surgery to remove the uterus, tubes and ovaries
- radiotherapy
- chemotherapy
- hormone, targeted or immune treatment for selected cancers
Only a qualified treating team can recommend a treatment plan.
Questions to ask your healthcare professional
- What exact cancer type and subtype has been found?
- What stage is it, and which tests established the stage?
- What are my treatment options, expected benefits and possible side effects?
- Should biomarker, genetic or inherited risk testing be considered?
- Who should I contact if my symptoms change or I need urgent help?
When to seek urgent help
Seek urgent care for very heavy bleeding, fainting, severe pelvic pain, fever or rapidly worsening illness.
If someone is in immediate danger, contact emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department. CFC is not an emergency medical service.
Reliable medical sources
This guide was medically reviewed against current public information from the following authoritative organisations:
This page provides general information only. It cannot diagnose cancer, recommend treatment or replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional who knows your circumstances.